Mission, Asheville, NC - Sodium Acetate. (SOW dee um AS e tate) (SOW dee ...

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Sodium Acetate

Pronunciation:
(SOW dee um AS e tate)

(SOW dee um AS e tate)

Generic Available: Yes

Use: Sodium source in large volume I.V. fluids to prevent or correct hyponatremia in patients with restricted intake; used to counter acidosis through conversion to bicarbonate

Pregnancy Risk Factor: C

Contraindications: Alkalosis, hypocalcemia, low sodium diets, edema, cirrhosis

Warnings/Precautions: Avoid extravasation, use with caution in patients with hepatic failure

Adverse Reactions: 1% to 10%:

Cardiovascular: Thrombosis, hypervolemia

Dermatologic: Chemical cellulitis at injection site (extravasation)

Endocrine & metabolic: Hypernatremia, dilution of serum electrolytes, overhydration, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypocalcemia

Gastrointestinal: Gastric distension, flatulence

Local: Phlebitis

Respiratory: Pulmonary edema

Miscellaneous: Congestive conditions

Stability: Protect from light, heat, and from freezing; incompatible with acids, acidic salts, alkaloid salts, calcium salts, catecholamines, atropine

Compatibility:

Incompatible: Acids, acidic salts, alkaloid salts, calcium salts, catecholamines, atropine

Y-site administration: Compatible: Enalaprilat, esmolol, labetalol, ondansetron

Compatibility in syringe: Compatible: Cimetidine

Dosage: Sodium acetate is metabolized to bicarbonate on an equimolar basis outside the liver; administer in large volume I.V. fluids as a sodium source. Refer to Sodium Bicarbonate monograph.

Maintenance electrolyte requirements of sodium in parenteral nutrition solutions:

Daily requirements: 3-4 mEq/kg/24 hours or 25-40 mEq/1000 kcal/24 hours

Maximum: 100-150 mEq/24 hours

Administration: Must be diluted prior to I.V. administration; infusion hypertonic solutions (>154 mEq/L) via a central line; maximum rate of administration: 1 mEq/kg/hour

Dietary Considerations: Sodium and acetate content of 1 g: 7.3 mEq

Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment: No significant effects or complications reported

Dental Health: Vasoconstrictor/Local Anesthetic Precautions: No information available to require special precautions

Dosage Forms: Injection, solution: 2 mEq/mL (20 mL, 50 mL, 100 mL, 250 mL); 4 mEq/mL (50 mL, 100 mL)

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